"Они  имеют  немного  другие  пропорции  черепа,  а  также  они  заметно  мельче
медведей  с  острова  Сахалинa"
http://www.biosoil.ru/DocLib/guskov_dissert.pdf




Проведен сравнительный анализ черепа и щечных зубов бурого медведя с Хоккайдо из 3 географических групп, установленных ранее по данным митохондриальной ДНК (Matsuhashi et al., 1999). В результате морфометрического тестирования подтверждено обособление медведей восточ-ной группы, щечные зубы которых самые мелкие. Самцы центральной и южной групп оказались морфометрически сходными, однако самки из этих групп показали достоверные различия. Хотя уровень обособления восточной группы приближается к подвидовому, все бурые медведи Хоккайдо и южных Курил отнесены к подвиду U. arctos ferox Temminck, 1844.
   
ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ

    Просмотреть оглавление выпуска
    Загрузить полный текст (PDF, 738 Kb)
    Отправить публикацию по электронной почте
    Список статей в РИНЦ, цитирующих данную

    Перевести аннотацию на русский язык с помощью Translate.ru
    Добавить публикацию в подборку:


    Редактировать Вашу заметку к публикации
    Обсудить эту публикацию с другими читателями

    Показать все публикации этих авторов
    Найти близкие по тематике публикации
http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=9168710

Отредактировано osopardo (11 February 2017 12:20:10)

Почему тогда Барышников не выделяет ферокса?
И почему медведи обитают только на Хоккайдо и если не ошиаюсь конечно на соседнем маленьком островке? Почему их нет на дркугих?

Значит уксссурийца нет в Японии?
В вике вроде их отождествляют.
Японец больше или уссуриец?

Сравнение самца и самки кадьякa.

Амфицион :

На Кадяьке копытные вообще есть?

Да ест, причем всё это интродуцированныйe виды .
Тут всё подробно:History of Non-native Mammal Management on Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge
http://www.uaf.edu/files/ces/cnipm/annu … s/Cobb.pdf
Даже и бизонов разводят на частных ранчо:
"The only bison in Region 2 are located on private ranches on Kodiak Island, where they are the private property of the landholder. Some landowners allow the taking of bison on a fee basis. Occasionally these animals wander onto public lands, and there is an ongoing effort by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game to work with landowners to keep the animals contained."

http://www.alaskaoutdoorssupersite.com/bison-plains
http://www.rogueexpeditions.com/alaska- … nting.html
Отдельные экземпляры иногда убегают на свободу:

kodiak bear kill bison


Судя по размерам,самка кодиака.

kodiak bear kill bison
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zlVpJdM81Oc
Судя по размерам,самка кодиака.

#2013
http://forum.zoologist.ru/viewtopic.php?id=895&p=81


Кстати: Русские принесли первый скот на Кадьяк в конце 1700-х годов
"Russians brought the first cattle to Kodiak in the late 1700s, but ranchers lost dozens each year to the island's hungry, gargantuan bears"


"Bears and cattle ranchers have waged an ongoing battle for the past 200 years. Original Russian settlers were encouraged to bring large aggressive dogs to protect cattle from bears. As early as the 1930s, biologists and ranchers were exploring ways to reduce the number of cattle killed by bears. At one point bears were shot from airplanes, and a 9-foot high bear fence was proposed to bisect Kodiak Island and create a “bear-free zone.” All active efforts at bear control in Kodiak ended in the mid-1960s."
http://www.adfg.alaska.gov/index.cfm?ad … ear.trivia
Значит что там была большая проблема с медведями скотниками.

Отредактировано osopardo (20 February 2017 19:49:15)

Wolves cannot win an aggressive encounter with an adult bear. Still wolves often kill bears, but only when the bear is rather young, ill, or trapped in the den.

Koene, Interspecific and intraspecific social interactions among brown bears and wolves in an enclosure, Ursus 13:85-93 (2002)

Имеются в виду оба вида медведя. Это откуда взята таблица выше. Случаев удачной охоты на взрослого гризли я не встречал. На барибала - есть два, взрослые самки 50+ и 70+ кг.

Everyday :

Wolves cannot win an aggressive encounter with an adult bear. Still wolves often kill bears, but only when the bear is rather young, ill, or trapped in the den.

Koene, Interspecific and intraspecific social interactions among brown bears and wolves in an enclosure, Ursus 13:85-93 (2002)

Имеются в виду оба вида медведя. Это откуда взята таблица выше. Случаев удачной охоты на взрослого гризли я не встречал. На барибала - есть два, взрослые самки 50+ и 70+ кг.

Вот тут
Comparison between the bear-wolf interactions in the
enclosure and interactions in the wild is rather complicated.
Bears do not normally conflict with wolves. Wolves
cannot win an aggressive encounter with an adult bear.
Still wolves often kill bears, but only when the bear is
rather young, ill, or trapped in the den. In North America,
cases of bears as victims of wolves have been reported,
but also the reverse is found. We made an attempt to evaluate
bear-wolf interactions as reported in the available literature
(Table 7)

http://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tp … ene_13.pdf

Вот и ка́дьякище:

Это фрагмент из книги зоолога Роберта Хаеса о юконских волках
(ссылка на Балларда Gray wolf-brown bear relationships in the Nelchina basin of south-central Alask или Ballard, W. B., L. N. Carbyn, and D. W. Smith. 2003.Wolf interactions with non-prey.)

это  информация с официального сайта Йелостоуна со ссылками на источники -
https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/bearwolves.htm

"From 1966 to 1974, Haber (1987) recorded 36 wolf-brown bear interactions in wolf pack territories in Denali National Park. Of the 36 interactions, 19 took place at ungulate carcasses in which wolves "won" 9 of the 19. Seventeen of the interactions were not at carcasses. In those cases, wolves harassed the bears or tried to take cubs, and the bears retreated.Steve Fritts (U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service) collected 70 unpublished accounts of bear-wolf interactions (Servheen and Knight 1990). The results showed no negative trends for wolves or bears due to these interactions. Few instances of direct mortality to either species have been documented. Instances of wolves killing bears and bears killing wolves have been reported, but such events are rare and considered the exception."

Diamir2 :

Это фрагмент из книги зоолога Роберта Хаеса о юконских волках
(ссылка на Балларда Gray wolf-brown bear relationships in the Nelchina basin of south-central Alask или Ballard, W. B., L. N. Carbyn, and D. W. Smith. 2003.Wolf interactions with non-prey.)
https://pp.vk.me/c836633/v836633041/22a … qlEkok.jpg
это  информация с официального сайта Йелостоуна со ссылками на источники -
https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/bearwolves.htm

"From 1966 to 1974, Haber (1987) recorded 36 wolf-brown bear interactions in wolf pack territories in Denali National Park. Of the 36 interactions, 19 took place at ungulate carcasses in which wolves "won" 9 of the 19. Seventeen of the interactions were not at carcasses. In those cases, wolves harassed the bears or tried to take cubs, and the bears retreated.Steve Fritts (U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service) collected 70 unpublished accounts of bear-wolf interactions (Servheen and Knight 1990). The results showed no negative trends for wolves or bears due to these interactions. Few instances of direct mortality to either species have been documented. Instances of wolves killing bears and bears killing wolves have been reported, but such events are rare and considered the exception."

Да и?

Кстати.Из того же самого источника:информация с официального сайта Йелостоуна :

https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/bisoninfo.htm
Interaction with Other Wildlife

Wolves and grizzly bears are the only large predators of adult bison. However, predation has little effect on the bison population. Bison usually face their attackers and defend themselves as a group, making them more difficult to kill than animals like elk that run from predators

"...Winter-kill can be a significant cause of mortality
during winters with severe snow pack (Fuller et al. 2007b; Geremia et
al. 2009). Also, predation is becoming a larger factor following wolf
restoration and grizzly bear recovery (Smith et al. 2004, 2013; Becker et
al. 2009a,b). During 1993 through 2010, biologists from Montana State
University found 656 bison carcasses in central Yellowstone during
winter and spring and the apparent causes of death were 225 wolf predations,
181 winter-kills, 153 due to unknown causes, 46 grizzly bear
predations, 20 thermal/mud entrapments, 10 vehicle strikes, 7 accidents/
injuries, 7 birth/pregnancy complications, 6 due to unknown predators,
and 1 coyote predation (R. A. Garrott, Montana State University,
unpublished data). .."


www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/upload/Ye … ForWeb.pdf

Отредактировано osopardo (22 February 2017 00:07:13)

Everyday :

Diamir2 :

оттого что бизон не мог ходить

Трудно ходить после того, как тебя завалил медведь.

Diamir, годовалый гризли - тоже гризли. Волки иногда добывают медвежат, с этим никто не спорит. В вашем источнике, из которого вы взяли длинную таблицу, не сославшись, прямо написано, что волки не могу победить взрослого медведя. Причем ни пол, ни вид медведя не указаны. Самый серьзный трофей - 16-летняя самка барибала ок 80 кг. Найдете что что-нибудь более серьезное - пишите, не стесняйтесь.

медведь на видео никого не валил,только добил травмированного бизона

победить не обязательно убить
"Wolves cannot win an aggressive encounter with an adult bear. Still wolves often kill bears, but only when the bear is rather young, ill, or trapped in the den"

другие говорят что может-
http://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tp … _15_2_.pdf

"...Winter-kill can be a significant cause of mortality
during winters with severe snow pack (Fuller et al. 2007b; Geremia et
al. 2009). Also, predation is becoming a larger factor following wolf
restoration and grizzly bear recovery (Smith et al. 2004, 2013; Becker et
al. 2009a,b). During 1993 through 2010, biologists from Montana State
University found 656 bison carcasses in central Yellowstone during
winter and spring and the apparent causes of death were 225 wolf predations,
181 winter-kills, 153 due to unknown causes, 46 grizzly bear
predations, 20 thermal/mud entrapments, 10 vehicle strikes, 7 accidents/
injuries, 7 birth/pregnancy complications, 6 due to unknown predators,
and 1 coyote predation (R. A. Garrott, Montana State University,
unpublished data). .."


www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/upload/Ye … ForWeb.pdf

каких только бизонов убивают весной?
"Studies of grizzly bear behavior and food habits in YNP have not documented grizzly bear redation on adult bison (Mealey 1975, Schleyer 1983, Gunther and Renkin 1990, Mattson et al. 1991, chullery 1992, Mattson 1997, Knight et al.1999), except for the occasional killing of severely malnourished
bison in spring (Craighead et al. 1995)."
GRIZZLY BEAR PREDATION ON A BULL BISON IN YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK
TRAVIS WYMAN   2002

"Gray Wolves, Coyotes, and Grizzly Bears are the only known predators of bison, and they
most often focus on calves and yearlings (Carbyn and Trottier 1987, 1988; Larter et al.
1994; Smith et al. 2000; Sheldon et al. 2009); however, adults are occasionally killed by both wolves (Smith et al. 2000, Jung 2011) and bears (Wyman 2002)"
COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Plains Bison Bison bison bison and the Wood Bison
Bison bison athabascae in Canada 2013

Отредактировано Diamir2 (24 February 2017 01:17:10)

In 3 of the 5 interactions at carcasses (Observations 1, 5, 8;Table 1), the bear family groups were displaced by wolves

Отредактировано Diamir2 (22 February 2017 01:20:54)

osopardo :

Взрослого барибала как минимум взрослую самку волк берет.

Вот так и берет.

In the remaining instance of wolves visiting a bear den, a wolf pack that included radio-collared members killed a radio-collared, 16-year-old female bear and her newborn cubs on 17 or 18 February 1977. The wolf pack was known to consist of nine members, although only six were seen from the air on 18 February when the pack was resting near the partially eaten carcass. The bear's weight at the time of the attack was about 72 kg. Her den site, a shallow depression under five logs 10 to 30 cm in diameter, afforded her no protection on either side. Only 35 cm of snow had accumulated by 18 February, and the unusually light snowfall did not cover the den as it would have in most winters. Analyses of a photograph taken from a plane on 18 February and sign observed at the site on 21 March 1977 provided evidence of the interaction. The wolves apparently attacked from both sides and drove the bear from the den. The bear fought her way 22 m to the nearest big tree, a mature aspen (Populustremuloides), leaving a path of broken brush and bear fur. At the tree, the fight continued; trampled brush,part of a wolf canine tooth, tufts of wolf fur, and much bear fur were concentrated in a 3-m radius around the tree. The bear possibly was injured as there were drops of blood on the tree, but claw marks indicated that she climbed to the safety of the crown. She eventually came down and returned to the den where she died or was killed. Bear fur covered the snow within 2 or 3 m of the den. Tracks visible in the photographs showed that the wolves dragged the carcass beyond the fur-covered area to consume it. By 21 March, all that remained of the carcass was fur, fragments of bone, and the nearly intact skull. Wolf droppings in the vicinity contained claws of the newborn cubs. The death of this family was the only known predation loss to occur during 206 bear-years of radiotracking bears 1 year of age or older (Rogers, in press).

Стая из 9 волков (6 из них заметили с воздуха) убила взрослую самку барибала весом 72 кг, подняв ее из берлоги. Наверное, с бурой медведицей примерно такого же размера волки тоже справятся.